Boost Your Yields: Mastering the Production Technology of Canola, Sarsoon, and Raya

Boost Your Yields: Mastering the Production Technology of Canola, Sarsoon, and Raya

Canola Sarsoon and Raya are the important oil seed crops in Pakistan. These crops are rich source of oil. It also contain 38-40% protein contents. These crops play important role in agriculture sector and economy of Pakistan. Pakistan uses 3.5 million tons of edible oil however, the production is only 30% of requirement. In 2022-23, total area under cultivation in Punjab Province of Pakistan is 426 thousands hectares with annual Production of 678 thousand metric tons. With the increase in population the demand of edible oil is also increasing 5% annually.

Varieties of Raya
1) Super Raya
It is grown in whole irrigated areas of Punjab with Potential yield of 43.22 mounds/acre. It is High yielding heat and drought tolerant variety.
2) AARI Canola
AARI canola is grown all over Pakistan. This variety is ready for harvesting between 110 to 120 days. Average yield of this variety is 18 to 20 mounds/acre
3) Khanpur Raya
The oil this variety is not good for Consumption. Average yield is 18 to 20 mounds/acre.
4) Chakwal Raya
Chakwal raya is grown in rain fed areas of Pakistan. This is resistant to lodging due to strong stem. Average yield of this variety is 16-20 mounds/acre.

Varieties of Sarsooon (Mustard)
1) UAF-11
This variety is introduced by university of Agriculture Faisalabad. As compare to others, this variety matures early. Its seed contain 50% oil content. Average yield is 20 mounds/acre.
2) Barani-Stars:-It is cultivated in Rain fed areas. It has resistance against drought and diseases. Average Yield is 18 to 20 mound/acre.
3) Toria-A
This variety is ready for harvesting in 90 to 100 days. It is mostly sown for cooking Purpose. Average yield is 10-12 mound/acre.
4) Sarsoon-D-G-L
It is a type of Ghobi sarsoon, and mostly used for cooking purposes. Average yield is 10-15 mounds/acre.

Varieties of Canola
1)T-M Canola
This variety has long Pod and healthy Seed. This variety is ready for harvesting in 130-140 days. Potential yield of this variety is 30 mound/acre.
2) Rachna-Canola
This variety is sown in the areas with low availability of water. Average 28 to 30 mound/acre.
3) Sandal Canola
Oil of this variety is beneficial for health. Its seed is healthy and black in Colour. Sown in irrigated areas of Punjab. Average yield is 25 to 30 mounds/acre.
4) Super Canola
It is resistant to lodging. Average yield is 25 mounds/acre.

Land preparation:Plough the land thoroughly 2 to 3 times and used laser land leveler to prepare the soil. Then sow the seed with the help of drill.

Sowing method:Sow the seed in lines with the help of drill at mutual distance of 1 to 1.5 feet. Depth of the seed should not be more than 1 to 1.5 inches.

Irrigation:3 to 4 irrigations are enough to full fill the water requirement of that crop. Apply 1st irrigation after 25 to 30 days of sowing. Apply 2nd water on flowering stage and last water should be applied on Pod formation.

Fertilizers:
1) Nitrogen:In irrigated areas s apply One Third of Nitrogen at the time of sowing and remaining should be applied with 1st irrigation and at time of flowering.
2) Phosphorus and Potash:The whole amount of these Fertilizers Should be applied at the time of sowing in both irrigated and Rain fed areas.

Control of weeds and Diseases: For control of weeds hoeing and Dab method is used ni Punjab. Dab method is more effective than hoeing. For control of diseases spray pesticides at proper time. For control of broad leaf Weeds Spray S-Metachelor at the rate of 700-800ml per acre in 100 litters of water. For control of Itsit spray Metazcholor at the rate of 400-500 ml per acre in 100 litters of water.

Harvesting:For high yield harvesting should be done by using proper method at proper time. Crop is ready to harvest when leaves turned yellow and seed in the pods show Reddish Colour.

Storage:Before storage dry the crop properly. Moisture should not be more than 8%. Do not mix different types of seeds during storage.